Normal balance is defined as state in which the body is equlilibrium. It is complex motor control
task, requring integration of sensory information, neural processing, and biomechanical factors.
There are major two factors contribute to balance control, the neurological and the musculoskeletal.
The neurological factor provides the sensory processing and motor output mechanisms that are the
neurophysiological basis for response. The musculoskeletal factor provides the mechanical structure
for response. When all components of two factors are operating effectively, the postural response
should be appropriate and effective for good balance control. Therfore, balance can be influenced
by above all factors. In addition, balance can be also influenced by muscle tone, hearing, physiological
factors, and environmental factors. Physical therapists must understand factors of balance control
so that we can accurately assess balance. Therefore, physical therapists have to develop useful
balance measurement tools to evaluate balance.
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